Evaluating the health significance of hazardous air pollutants using monitoring data.

نویسندگان

  • A D Kyle
  • C C Wright
  • J C Caldwell
  • P A Buffler
  • T J Woodruff
چکیده

OBJECTIVE Though many contaminants are released into the atmosphere, in the US only six air pollutants-ozone, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and lead-are closely monitored and carefully assessed for health significance. Other pollutants, even if highly toxic, are neither widely monitored nor routinely assessed at the national level. The goal of this study was to analyze the availability of information needed to characterize the health significance of hazardous air pollutants, focusing on urban areas in California. METHODS The authors compared different approaches to identifying which contaminants should be considered hazardous air pollutants of potential health concern; reviewed the availability of toxicity values for these pollutants; and analyzed the usefulness of air monitoring data from California agencies for determining populations risks, by comparing method detection limits with health benchmarks. RESULTS Approaches to identifying air contaminants of possible health concern differ. Toxicity values are not available for many hazardous air pollutants, including those identified in the Clean Air Act. In California, monitoring data are available for many, though not all, pollutants of concern. Monitoring methods for several pollutants do not have adequate sensitivity to detect all relevant concentrations. CONCLUSION The information necessary to fully assess the health significance of hazardous air pollutants is not currently available.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Meeting Report: Estimating the Benefits of Reducing Hazardous Air Pollutants—Summary of 2009 Workshop and Future Considerations

BACKGROUND Quantifying the benefits of reducing hazardous air pollutants (HAPs, or air toxics) has been limited by gaps in toxicological data, uncertainties in extrapolating results from high-dose animal experiments to estimate human effects at lower doses, limited ambient and personal exposure monitoring data, and insufficient economic research to support valuation of the health impacts often ...

متن کامل

بررسی روند تغییرات آلاینده های هوا و ارتباط آن با پارامترهای هواشناسی در شهر بجنورد در سال 1393

Abstract Background and Objective: Air pollution can harm humans and the environment. To reduce the effect of these parameters in the emissions of air pollutants known to the local topographical features and climatic conditions are factors. The purpose of this study, monthly and seasonal variations are contaminants and their relationship with meteorological parameters. Methods: the presen...

متن کامل

Characterization of the Chronic Risk and Hazard of Hazardous Air Pollutants in the United States Using Ambient Monitoring Data

BACKGROUND Ambient measurements of hazardous air pollutants (air toxics) have been used to validate model-predicted concentrations of air toxics but have not been used to perform risk screening at the national level. OBJECTIVES We used ambient concentrations of routinely measured air toxics to determine the relative importance of individual air toxics for chronic cancer and noncancer exposure...

متن کامل

A time series approach to estimate the association between health effects, climate factors and air pollution, Mashhad, Iran

Background and Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between climatic parameters and air pollution with cardiovascular disease and its associated death during 2014 in Mashhad by time series model. Materials and Methods: Patient data (including outpatient and hospitalization) and cardiovascular mortality were obtained from the emergency medical center and Ferdowsi organization...

متن کامل

Monitoring and Zoning of PM2.5, PM10 and VOCs Concentration in Air of Gorgan City in 2016

Background & Aim: Increasing of air pollution in cities seriously threatens the health of its inhabitants.  PM2.5, PM10 and volatile organic compounds are amongst the air pollutants that their existence in the air in excess concentrations, leads to respiratory and cardiovascular problems, cancer and mortality. Therefore, the concentration of these pollutants in the air of Gorgan city was measur...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Public health reports

دوره 116 1  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2001